<?xml version="1.0"?>
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	<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Bob</id>
	<title>help.computerisms.ca - User contributions [en-ca]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Bob"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/Special:Contributions/Bob"/>
	<updated>2026-04-24T16:16:25Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.41.0</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Phishing_URLs&amp;diff=5373</id>
		<title>Phishing URLs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Phishing_URLs&amp;diff=5373"/>
		<updated>2023-08-12T01:54:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If you find yourself on this web page because you followed a link in your email to this page, then good news. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;It means that the spam filter on our email server found a very suspicious link in your email,&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; and to prevent you from clicking on something bad it sent you here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;if you feel this is in error, and that the original link was safe, please contact us.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Phishing_URLs&amp;diff=5372</id>
		<title>Phishing URLs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Phishing_URLs&amp;diff=5372"/>
		<updated>2023-08-12T01:48:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Created page with &amp;quot;If you find yourself on this web page because you followed a link in your email to this page, then it means that the spam filter on our email server rewrote a very suspicious...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;If you find yourself on this web page because you followed a link in your email to this page, then it means that the spam filter on our email server rewrote a very suspicious link in your email to prevent you from clicking on something bad.  if you feel this is in error, please contact us.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Help.rc.new.filter.png&amp;diff=5371</id>
		<title>File:Help.rc.new.filter.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Help.rc.new.filter.png&amp;diff=5371"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:35:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Bob uploaded a new version of File:Help.rc.new.filter.png&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Roundcube&amp;diff=5361</id>
		<title>Roundcube</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Roundcube&amp;diff=5361"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:34:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Server Side Message Filtering */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Email==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*To check your email using Roundcube, all you need to do is login&lt;br /&gt;
**There is no need to configure anything in order to send or receive mail using RoundCube&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Getting Started==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you start using RoundCube, you should configure the plugins to your requirements:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the preferences menu on the left side of the window, select Manage Plugins&lt;br /&gt;
*You will be presented with a number of check boxes&lt;br /&gt;
**Hovering your mouse over each item will give a brief help of what the plugin does&lt;br /&gt;
*You may enable/disable any combination of plugins you desire&lt;br /&gt;
*At the bottom is the option to restore the selections back to default, or you can select all or deselect all plugins&lt;br /&gt;
*If there is something you are not clear on, feel free to [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca ask]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.plugin.manager.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Calendar==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;NOTE: These instructions are slightly out of date; the settings are correct but you will have to look around to find them till I update this page&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you begin:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*You will need the [[Calendar#I Just Want a Calendar That All My Devices Will Sync With|DAV Path found on the server]] or the [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|DAV Path from some else&#039;s Calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window on the far left side, under the main category &amp;quot;Calendar&amp;quot;, click the sub-category &amp;quot;Categories&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.settings.choose.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.add.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the main pane of the window, click the plus sign.  This will create a new line at the bottom of the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click in the longest field of the new line and enter a name for your calendar&lt;br /&gt;
**The name is arbitrary, so it can be anything you like, though normally you would choose a name that has meaning for you.&lt;br /&gt;
*If you wish to change the colour of your calendar, click in the box containing FFFFFF, then click on the colour you would like for your calendar&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the Save Button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*After you click save, the list will reorder alphabetically&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the little round button next to the calendar you just created&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.add.calendar.2.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.config.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the Username field you will find the value &amp;quot;%u&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
**%u is a short cut for the username you used to log into Roundcube, which will be the same as your email address&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your Email Password&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you should still use your own email address and email password&lt;br /&gt;
**If your Username and Password are rejected, ensure [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|you have been granted permission to use that calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*The value you need to enter for &amp;quot;CalDAV Url&amp;quot; consists of two parts&lt;br /&gt;
**The first part is based on your domain name in the format [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
**The second part is your DAV Path as derived from configuring your [[Calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you will need to use the [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|DAV Path]] they provide you&lt;br /&gt;
**The full value will look like this: [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld/caldav.php/bob@computerisms.ca/calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Unless you know why you should do otherwise, leave &amp;quot;Reminders&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Authentication Method&amp;quot; settings at their default&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the Save Button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*To start using your calendar, click the Calendar link in the top right corner of the window&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Shared Address Book==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you begin:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*A CardDAV capable client&lt;br /&gt;
*You will need the [[Shared Address Book#I Just Want an Address Book That All My Devices Will Sync With|DAV Path found on the server]] or the [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|DAV Path from some else&#039;s Address Book]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window on the far left side, click the category called &amp;quot;CardDAV&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:Rc.settings.carddav.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.config.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the main pane of the window, enter a name for your address book&lt;br /&gt;
**The name is arbitrary, so it can be anything you like, usually something meaningful to you.&lt;br /&gt;
**The address book name must not contain a space&lt;br /&gt;
*Ensure &amp;quot;Activate CardDAV-Addressbook&amp;quot; is selected&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address as your Username&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s address book, you should still use your own email address and email password&lt;br /&gt;
**If your Username and Password are rejected, ensure [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|you have been granted permission to use that calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password as Password&lt;br /&gt;
*The value you need to enter for URL consists of two parts&lt;br /&gt;
**The first part is based on your domain name in the format [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
**The second part is your DAV Path as derived from configuring your [[Shared Address Book]]&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you will need to use the [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|DAV Path]] they provide you&lt;br /&gt;
**The full value will look like this: [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld/caldav.php/bob@computerisms.ca/addresses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*The update interval can be increased if you like&lt;br /&gt;
**1 is the minimum acceptable value for this field&lt;br /&gt;
*When everything is how you want it, click save&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*After you click save, you will be given the opportunity to add another address book if you want to.&lt;br /&gt;
*In order to use your new address book, click on the Address Book link in the top right of the window&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.use.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*Ensure your CardDAV address book is selected, and you will be able to view and add contact entries to your Shared Address Book&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Server Side Message Filtering==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the far left pane, select filters&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.filters.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.new.filter.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
#Click the Plus sign to add a new filter&lt;br /&gt;
#Pick a Name, if you don&#039;t know what to put call it OutOfOffice&lt;br /&gt;
#Make this rule apply to all messages&lt;br /&gt;
#Select the filter type to be Out of Office Message&lt;br /&gt;
#Select the Advanced Option checkbox&lt;br /&gt;
#Fill in the Period and select days/seconds.  This dictates how often to send the response, typically you will set this to the number of days you intend to be away so that any given person gets only one out of office response from you.&lt;br /&gt;
#Fill in the subject of the mail that you will send in your auto-response&lt;br /&gt;
#Fill in the body of the message, for example other people to contact, return date, etc...&lt;br /&gt;
#When Everything is to your satisfaction, click the Save button&lt;br /&gt;
#When you return, select the disable rule check box in the top right corner&lt;br /&gt;
##When you next need to set up an OutOfOffice response, uncheck that box, adjust your subject and message, and click save&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Extra Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spam#Roundcube - Train Spam Filters|What is that Junk button doing anyway?]] - It&#039;s training the Spam filter on your particular mail server to learn what is spam and what is not so it can eventually filter out spam before it hits your inbox. To learn more, click on the link where the question is.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Roundcube&amp;diff=5351</id>
		<title>Roundcube</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Roundcube&amp;diff=5351"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:33:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Server Side Message Filtering */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Email==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*To check your email using Roundcube, all you need to do is login&lt;br /&gt;
**There is no need to configure anything in order to send or receive mail using RoundCube&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Getting Started==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you start using RoundCube, you should configure the plugins to your requirements:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the preferences menu on the left side of the window, select Manage Plugins&lt;br /&gt;
*You will be presented with a number of check boxes&lt;br /&gt;
**Hovering your mouse over each item will give a brief help of what the plugin does&lt;br /&gt;
*You may enable/disable any combination of plugins you desire&lt;br /&gt;
*At the bottom is the option to restore the selections back to default, or you can select all or deselect all plugins&lt;br /&gt;
*If there is something you are not clear on, feel free to [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca ask]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.plugin.manager.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Calendar==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;NOTE: These instructions are slightly out of date; the settings are correct but you will have to look around to find them till I update this page&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you begin:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*You will need the [[Calendar#I Just Want a Calendar That All My Devices Will Sync With|DAV Path found on the server]] or the [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|DAV Path from some else&#039;s Calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window on the far left side, under the main category &amp;quot;Calendar&amp;quot;, click the sub-category &amp;quot;Categories&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.settings.choose.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.add.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the main pane of the window, click the plus sign.  This will create a new line at the bottom of the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click in the longest field of the new line and enter a name for your calendar&lt;br /&gt;
**The name is arbitrary, so it can be anything you like, though normally you would choose a name that has meaning for you.&lt;br /&gt;
*If you wish to change the colour of your calendar, click in the box containing FFFFFF, then click on the colour you would like for your calendar&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the Save Button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*After you click save, the list will reorder alphabetically&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the little round button next to the calendar you just created&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.add.calendar.2.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.config.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the Username field you will find the value &amp;quot;%u&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
**%u is a short cut for the username you used to log into Roundcube, which will be the same as your email address&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your Email Password&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you should still use your own email address and email password&lt;br /&gt;
**If your Username and Password are rejected, ensure [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|you have been granted permission to use that calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*The value you need to enter for &amp;quot;CalDAV Url&amp;quot; consists of two parts&lt;br /&gt;
**The first part is based on your domain name in the format [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
**The second part is your DAV Path as derived from configuring your [[Calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you will need to use the [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|DAV Path]] they provide you&lt;br /&gt;
**The full value will look like this: [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld/caldav.php/bob@computerisms.ca/calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Unless you know why you should do otherwise, leave &amp;quot;Reminders&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Authentication Method&amp;quot; settings at their default&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the Save Button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*To start using your calendar, click the Calendar link in the top right corner of the window&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Shared Address Book==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you begin:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*A CardDAV capable client&lt;br /&gt;
*You will need the [[Shared Address Book#I Just Want an Address Book That All My Devices Will Sync With|DAV Path found on the server]] or the [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|DAV Path from some else&#039;s Address Book]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window on the far left side, click the category called &amp;quot;CardDAV&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:Rc.settings.carddav.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.config.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the main pane of the window, enter a name for your address book&lt;br /&gt;
**The name is arbitrary, so it can be anything you like, usually something meaningful to you.&lt;br /&gt;
**The address book name must not contain a space&lt;br /&gt;
*Ensure &amp;quot;Activate CardDAV-Addressbook&amp;quot; is selected&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address as your Username&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s address book, you should still use your own email address and email password&lt;br /&gt;
**If your Username and Password are rejected, ensure [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|you have been granted permission to use that calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password as Password&lt;br /&gt;
*The value you need to enter for URL consists of two parts&lt;br /&gt;
**The first part is based on your domain name in the format [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
**The second part is your DAV Path as derived from configuring your [[Shared Address Book]]&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you will need to use the [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|DAV Path]] they provide you&lt;br /&gt;
**The full value will look like this: [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld/caldav.php/bob@computerisms.ca/addresses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*The update interval can be increased if you like&lt;br /&gt;
**1 is the minimum acceptable value for this field&lt;br /&gt;
*When everything is how you want it, click save&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*After you click save, you will be given the opportunity to add another address book if you want to.&lt;br /&gt;
*In order to use your new address book, click on the Address Book link in the top right of the window&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.use.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*Ensure your CardDAV address book is selected, and you will be able to view and add contact entries to your Shared Address Book&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Server Side Message Filtering==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the far left pane, select filters&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.filters.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.new.filter.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
#Click the Plus sign to add a new filter&lt;br /&gt;
#Pick a Name, if you don&#039;t know what to put call it OutOfOffice&lt;br /&gt;
#Make this rule apply to all messages&lt;br /&gt;
#Select the filter type to be Out of Office Message&lt;br /&gt;
#Select the Advanced Option checkbox&lt;br /&gt;
#Fill in the Period and select days/seconds.  This dictates how often to send the response, typically you will set this to the number of days you intend to be away so that any given person gets only one out of office response from you.&lt;br /&gt;
#Fill in the subject of the mail that you will send in your auto-response&lt;br /&gt;
#Fill in the body of the message, for example other people to contact, return date, etc...&lt;br /&gt;
#When Everything is to your satisfaction, click the Save button&lt;br /&gt;
#When you return, select the disable rule check box in the top right corner&lt;br /&gt;
##When you next need to set up an OutOfOffice response, uncheck that box, adjust your subject and message, and click save&lt;br /&gt;
*To create a new filter, click the Plus Sign in the bottom left corner of the window&lt;br /&gt;
*Filter Name is an arbitrary value, you should put something that is meaningful to describing the filter&lt;br /&gt;
*Select your Filter Rules&lt;br /&gt;
**Adjust the radio button to determine if you want all rules or any rules to match&lt;br /&gt;
**If you need to add more rules, click the green plus sign to the right of the window&lt;br /&gt;
*Set your Filter Actions by choosing an item from the left drop down menu&lt;br /&gt;
**Different actions, such as the Out of Office reply, will produce different options after you choose it.&lt;br /&gt;
*When the rules and actions for this filter are configured, click the Save button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Extra Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spam#Roundcube - Train Spam Filters|What is that Junk button doing anyway?]] - It&#039;s training the Spam filter on your particular mail server to learn what is spam and what is not so it can eventually filter out spam before it hits your inbox. To learn more, click on the link where the question is.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Help.rc.new.filter.png&amp;diff=5341</id>
		<title>File:Help.rc.new.filter.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Help.rc.new.filter.png&amp;diff=5341"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:26:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Bob uploaded a new version of File:Help.rc.new.filter.png&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Roundcube&amp;diff=5331</id>
		<title>Roundcube</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Roundcube&amp;diff=5331"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:18:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Server Side Message Filtering */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Email==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*To check your email using Roundcube, all you need to do is login&lt;br /&gt;
**There is no need to configure anything in order to send or receive mail using RoundCube&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Getting Started==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you start using RoundCube, you should configure the plugins to your requirements:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the preferences menu on the left side of the window, select Manage Plugins&lt;br /&gt;
*You will be presented with a number of check boxes&lt;br /&gt;
**Hovering your mouse over each item will give a brief help of what the plugin does&lt;br /&gt;
*You may enable/disable any combination of plugins you desire&lt;br /&gt;
*At the bottom is the option to restore the selections back to default, or you can select all or deselect all plugins&lt;br /&gt;
*If there is something you are not clear on, feel free to [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca ask]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.plugin.manager.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Calendar==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;NOTE: These instructions are slightly out of date; the settings are correct but you will have to look around to find them till I update this page&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you begin:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*You will need the [[Calendar#I Just Want a Calendar That All My Devices Will Sync With|DAV Path found on the server]] or the [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|DAV Path from some else&#039;s Calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window on the far left side, under the main category &amp;quot;Calendar&amp;quot;, click the sub-category &amp;quot;Categories&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.settings.choose.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.add.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the main pane of the window, click the plus sign.  This will create a new line at the bottom of the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click in the longest field of the new line and enter a name for your calendar&lt;br /&gt;
**The name is arbitrary, so it can be anything you like, though normally you would choose a name that has meaning for you.&lt;br /&gt;
*If you wish to change the colour of your calendar, click in the box containing FFFFFF, then click on the colour you would like for your calendar&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the Save Button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*After you click save, the list will reorder alphabetically&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the little round button next to the calendar you just created&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.add.calendar.2.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.config.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the Username field you will find the value &amp;quot;%u&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
**%u is a short cut for the username you used to log into Roundcube, which will be the same as your email address&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your Email Password&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you should still use your own email address and email password&lt;br /&gt;
**If your Username and Password are rejected, ensure [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|you have been granted permission to use that calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*The value you need to enter for &amp;quot;CalDAV Url&amp;quot; consists of two parts&lt;br /&gt;
**The first part is based on your domain name in the format [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
**The second part is your DAV Path as derived from configuring your [[Calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you will need to use the [[Calendar#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Calendar|DAV Path]] they provide you&lt;br /&gt;
**The full value will look like this: [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld/caldav.php/bob@computerisms.ca/calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Unless you know why you should do otherwise, leave &amp;quot;Reminders&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Authentication Method&amp;quot; settings at their default&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the Save Button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*To start using your calendar, click the Calendar link in the top right corner of the window&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.calendar.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Shared Address Book==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Before you begin:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*A CardDAV capable client&lt;br /&gt;
*You will need the [[Shared Address Book#I Just Want an Address Book That All My Devices Will Sync With|DAV Path found on the server]] or the [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|DAV Path from some else&#039;s Address Book]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window on the far left side, click the category called &amp;quot;CardDAV&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:Rc.settings.carddav.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.config.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the main pane of the window, enter a name for your address book&lt;br /&gt;
**The name is arbitrary, so it can be anything you like, usually something meaningful to you.&lt;br /&gt;
**The address book name must not contain a space&lt;br /&gt;
*Ensure &amp;quot;Activate CardDAV-Addressbook&amp;quot; is selected&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address as your Username&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s address book, you should still use your own email address and email password&lt;br /&gt;
**If your Username and Password are rejected, ensure [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|you have been granted permission to use that calendar]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password as Password&lt;br /&gt;
*The value you need to enter for URL consists of two parts&lt;br /&gt;
**The first part is based on your domain name in the format [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
**The second part is your DAV Path as derived from configuring your [[Shared Address Book]]&lt;br /&gt;
**If you are connecting to someone else&#039;s calendar, you will need to use the [[Shared Address Book#I Need My Assistant To Edit My Address Book|DAV Path]] they provide you&lt;br /&gt;
**The full value will look like this: [[Domain Substitution|https://cal.domain.tld/caldav.php/bob@computerisms.ca/addresses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*The update interval can be increased if you like&lt;br /&gt;
**1 is the minimum acceptable value for this field&lt;br /&gt;
*When everything is how you want it, click save&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*After you click save, you will be given the opportunity to add another address book if you want to.&lt;br /&gt;
*In order to use your new address book, click on the Address Book link in the top right of the window&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.use.book.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*Ensure your CardDAV address book is selected, and you will be able to view and add contact entries to your Shared Address Book&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Server Side Message Filtering==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot; border=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;20&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size:120%;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;width: 50%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
*Open your browser and navigate to [[Domain Substitution|https://rc.domain.tld]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email address in the Username field&lt;br /&gt;
*Enter your email password in the Password field&lt;br /&gt;
*If you prefer a language other than English, select it from the list&lt;br /&gt;
*Click the login Button&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.login.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:rc.choose.settings.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the next window, find in the top right corner the link called &amp;quot;Settings&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*In the far left pane, select filters&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.filters.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:help.rc.new.filter.png|center|500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
*To create a new filter, click the Plus Sign in the bottom left corner of the window&lt;br /&gt;
*Filter Name is an arbitrary value, you should put something that is meaningful to describing the filter&lt;br /&gt;
*Select your Filter Rules&lt;br /&gt;
**Adjust the radio button to determine if you want all rules or any rules to match&lt;br /&gt;
**If you need to add more rules, click the green plus sign to the right of the window&lt;br /&gt;
*Set your Filter Actions by choosing an item from the left drop down menu&lt;br /&gt;
**Different actions, such as the Out of Office reply, will produce different options after you choose it.&lt;br /&gt;
*When the rules and actions for this filter are configured, click the Save button&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Extra Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spam#Roundcube - Train Spam Filters|What is that Junk button doing anyway?]] - It&#039;s training the Spam filter on your particular mail server to learn what is spam and what is not so it can eventually filter out spam before it hits your inbox. To learn more, click on the link where the question is.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Help.rc.filters.png&amp;diff=5321</id>
		<title>File:Help.rc.filters.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Help.rc.filters.png&amp;diff=5321"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:17:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Bob uploaded a new version of File:Help.rc.filters.png&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.choose.settings.png&amp;diff=5311</id>
		<title>File:Rc.choose.settings.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.choose.settings.png&amp;diff=5311"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:15:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Bob uploaded a new version of File:Rc.choose.settings.png&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.login.png&amp;diff=5301</id>
		<title>File:Rc.login.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.login.png&amp;diff=5301"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T17:11:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Bob uploaded a new version of File:Rc.login.png&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.choose.settings.png&amp;diff=5291</id>
		<title>File:Rc.choose.settings.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.choose.settings.png&amp;diff=5291"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T16:42:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Bob uploaded a new version of File:Rc.choose.settings.png&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=5281</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=5281"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T16:41:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:3.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Welcome to the Computerisms Help Pages&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://www.computerisms.ca/ RETURN TO COMPUTERISMS HOME PAGE]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;These pages will always be a work in progress, I will add to them as I can...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If you desire to see certain instructions documented here, please [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca let me know]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(000, 255, 255);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Getting Support&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.25em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 Contact Computerisms at 867-334-7117; or you can [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca email instead]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Telephone Support for Basic Hosting (Email and FTP) is free&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Email and FTP are both very mature technologies and most problems can be solved quickly without scheduling a visit.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If a visit is required and the problem is not due to a malfunction in the hosting service, [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management hourly billing] will be applied.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Support for Advanced Hosting is [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management billable by the hour]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CalDAV/CardDAV/WebDAV are implemented differently on each device and/or program.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therefore they require much more skill and time to be able to troubleshoot.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If it turns out a problem is found on one of our servers, it will not be billed.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Port Change&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you recieved an email asking you to change your email port number and encyrption type:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Email Port Change|Email Port Change]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 102, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot; | [[file:mail.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Email|Email Settings]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Spam|Spam Filtering]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin Management|Manage Email Accounts and Mailing Lists]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Troubleshooting Email Issues|Basic Email Troubleshooting]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin_Management#Modify_User|Out of Office/Vacation Responses in the Management Interface]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube#Server_Side_Message_Filtering|Out of Office/Vacation Responses Using Roundcube]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(88, 137, 184);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:con_cal.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Calendar|Calendar Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Shared Address Book|Contacts Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(55, 181, 98);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:file.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Fetch|Large File Transfers through Email (Fetch)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Files|Online File Storage]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 164, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:doc.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;COMING SOON&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;VPN Instructions&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Certificates]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Pre-Shared Keys]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Mac to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Android Device to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting iOS Device to a File Server (for Video/Audio Playback)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Client Configuration&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[SquirrelMail]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thunderbird]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Outlook]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.login.png&amp;diff=5271</id>
		<title>File:Rc.login.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=File:Rc.login.png&amp;diff=5271"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T16:40:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Bob uploaded a new version of File:Rc.login.png&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=5261</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=5261"/>
		<updated>2022-08-31T16:28:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:3.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Welcome to the Computerisms Help Pages&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://www.computerisms.ca/ RETURN TO COMPUTERISMS HOME PAGE]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;These pages will always be a work in progress, I will add to them as I can...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If you desire to see certain instructions documented here, please [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca let me know]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(000, 255, 255);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Getting Support&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.25em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 Contact Computerisms at 867-334-7117; or you can [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca email instead]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Telephone Support for Basic Hosting (Email and FTP) is free&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Email and FTP are both very mature technologies and most problems can be solved quickly without scheduling a visit.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If a visit is required and the problem is not due to a malfunction in the hosting service, [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management hourly billing] will be applied.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Support for Advanced Hosting is [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management billable by the hour]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CalDAV/CardDAV/WebDAV are implemented differently on each device and/or program.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therefore they require much more skill and time to be able to troubleshoot.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If it turns out a problem is found on one of our servers, it will not be billed.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Port Change&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you recieved an email asking you to change your email port number and encyrption type:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Email Port Change|Email Port Change]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 102, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot; | [[file:mail.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Email|Email Settings]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Spam|Spam Filtering]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin Management|Manage Email Accounts and Mailing Lists]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Troubleshooting Email Issues|Basic Email Troubleshooting]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin_Management#Modify_User|Out of Office/Vacation Responses in the Management Interface]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube|Out of Office/Vacation Responses Using Roundcube]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(88, 137, 184);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:con_cal.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Calendar|Calendar Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Shared Address Book|Contacts Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(55, 181, 98);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:file.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Fetch|Large File Transfers through Email (Fetch)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Files|Online File Storage]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 164, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:doc.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;COMING SOON&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;VPN Instructions&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Certificates]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Pre-Shared Keys]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Mac to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Android Device to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting iOS Device to a File Server (for Video/Audio Playback)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Client Configuration&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[SquirrelMail]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thunderbird]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Outlook]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5251</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5251"/>
		<updated>2022-08-24T18:29:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Building a Website */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future.  A good example of this; I used to work at YKNet, the Yukon&#039;s first Internet Service Provider, and the website for that company was at the domain yknet.ca.  I used to get regular phone calls that our site had been hacked because there was porn all over it.  It turned out that another company had bought the domain yknet.com and hosted a porn site, and that the people who were calling me were going to yknet.com instead of yknet.ca.  So it would have been a good idea to buy that .com name in that case.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work, and in fact the site at yknet.ca did work just fine.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, if the site has multiple pages and several features, it is far more time consuming to build, and updates to such a site are much more complex, which usually translates to much more expensive.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone, either your web designer, your employee, or you, should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
A discussion on websites in the modern environment would not be complete without mentioning services such as Wix and Weebly.  Both of these services offer an easy and inexpensive way to get a website online, so are a great option for beginners.  They also offer easily usable advanced features, such as ecommerce, so can also be a good resource for more advanced situations.  However, there are a few things to be aware of.  First, they do not do email hosting or any other service other than websites, so it becomes your responsibility to make sure that someone sets everything up correctly between Wix/Weebly and your other hosting services.  Also, if you ever want to move away from these services, the site is not transferable, so you will have to get a new one built.   And as a final point, make sure that the site gets built under an account you will have control over; we have encountered several situations where access to a site has been completely lost because it was built under the account of someone else.  Overall, services like Wix and Weebly have their place, but it is advised that you be sure that your long term plans can work within their system before using it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Wrap Up==&lt;br /&gt;
Hopefully this page gave you a solid overview of what you need to get started with hosting.  If you have any further questions, [https://www.computerisms.ca Computerisms] is here to help, feel free to reach out.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5241</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5241"/>
		<updated>2022-08-24T18:16:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Building a Website */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future.  A good example of this; I used to work at YKNet, the Yukon&#039;s first Internet Service Provider, and the website for that company was at the domain yknet.ca.  I used to get regular phone calls that our site had been hacked because there was porn all over it.  It turned out that another company had bought the domain yknet.com and hosted a porn site, and that the people who were calling me were going to yknet.com instead of yknet.ca.  So it would have been a good idea to buy that .com name in that case.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work, and in fact the site at yknet.ca did work just fine.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, if the site has multiple pages and several features, it is far more time consuming to build, and updates to such a site are much more complex, which usually translates to much more expensive.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone, either your web designer, your employee, or you, should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Wrap Up==&lt;br /&gt;
Hopefully this page gave you a solid overview of what you need to get started with hosting.  If you have any further questions, [https://www.computerisms.ca Computerisms] is here to help, feel free to reach out.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5231</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5231"/>
		<updated>2022-08-24T18:15:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Building a Website */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future.  A good example of this; I used to work at YKNet, the Yukon&#039;s first Internet Service Provider, and the website for that company was at the domain yknet.ca.  I used to get regular phone calls that our site had been hacked because there was porn all over it.  It turned out that another company had bought the domain yknet.com and hosted a porn site, and that the people who were calling me were going to yknet.com instead of yknet.ca.  So it would have been a good idea to buy that .com name in that case.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work, and in fact the site at yknet.ca did work just fine.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, if the site has multiple pages and several features, it is far more time consuming to build, and updates to such a site are much more complex, which usually translates to much more expensive.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Wrap Up==&lt;br /&gt;
Hopefully this page gave you a solid overview of what you need to get started with hosting.  If you have any further questions, [https://www.computerisms.ca Computerisms] is here to help, feel free to reach out.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5221</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5221"/>
		<updated>2022-08-24T18:13:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Building a Website */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future.  A good example of this; I used to work at YKNet, the Yukon&#039;s first Internet Service Provider, and the website for that company was at the domain yknet.ca.  I used to get regular phone calls that our site had been hacked because there was porn all over it.  It turned out that another company had bought the domain yknet.com and hosted a porn site, and that the people who were calling me were going to yknet.com instead of yknet.ca.  So it would have been a good idea to buy that .com name in that case.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work, and in fact the site at yknet.ca did work just fine.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming to build and update, and updates to a site written in HTML are much more complex, which usually translates to much more expensive.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Wrap Up==&lt;br /&gt;
Hopefully this page gave you a solid overview of what you need to get started with hosting.  If you have any further questions, [https://www.computerisms.ca Computerisms] is here to help, feel free to reach out.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5211</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5211"/>
		<updated>2022-08-24T17:51:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Domain Name */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future.  A good example of this; I used to work at YKNet, the Yukon&#039;s first Internet Service Provider, and the website for that company was at the domain yknet.ca.  I used to get regular phone calls that our site had been hacked because there was porn all over it.  It turned out that another company had bought the domain yknet.com and hosted a porn site, and that the people who were calling me were going to yknet.com instead of yknet.ca.  So it would have been a good idea to buy that .com name in that case.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work, and in fact the site at yknet.ca did work just fine.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Wrap Up==&lt;br /&gt;
Hopefully this page gave you a solid overview of what you need to get started with hosting.  If you have any further questions, [https://www.computerisms.ca Computerisms] is here to help, feel free to reach out.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=VPN_Clients_Using_Certificates&amp;diff=5201</id>
		<title>VPN Clients Using Certificates</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=VPN_Clients_Using_Certificates&amp;diff=5201"/>
		<updated>2022-08-19T23:33:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Using IKEv2 on Windows 10 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;BEFORE YOU BEGIN: you need the following items:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*A P12 Certificate with a password&lt;br /&gt;
*If your company firewall uses L2TP or IKEv2&lt;br /&gt;
*The Hostname or IP Address of your company firewall&lt;br /&gt;
**Note: if using IKEv2 you will be required to know and use the DNS name of your company firewall&lt;br /&gt;
*If you are using L2TP, you need a username/password combination&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;NOTE:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;Actions Listed in {Curly Braces} may *not* be present, depending on the existing configuration of your computer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Installing the Certificate - Windows 7/8/10==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#Press Windows Key+R to open a run window=&amp;gt;Enter mmc in the only available field=&amp;gt;click OK&lt;br /&gt;
#In the window the opens, click file=&amp;gt;Add/Remove Snapin&lt;br /&gt;
#Double-Click Certificates=&amp;gt;Select Computer Account and click Next=&amp;gt;Select Local Computer and click Finish=&amp;gt;Click OK&lt;br /&gt;
#In the left pane, expand Certificates=&amp;gt;right click Personal=&amp;gt;Select All tasks=&amp;gt;Click Import&lt;br /&gt;
#Click Next=&amp;gt;Click Browse=&amp;gt;navigate to the location of your P12 file&lt;br /&gt;
#At the bottom right of the window, use the drop down menu to select Personal Information Exchange=&amp;gt;Double click your P12 file&lt;br /&gt;
#Click Next=&amp;gt;Enter your Certificate Password=&amp;gt;click Next=&amp;gt;Select &amp;quot;Automatically Select ...&amp;quot;=&amp;gt;Click Next=&amp;gt;Click Finish&lt;br /&gt;
#Close this window=&amp;gt;Select No when prompted to save&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Setup L2TP on Windows 7/8/10==&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;NOTE:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; For windows 8/10, the settings are the same, but they aren&#039;t all in the same place.  Please contact Computerisms for assistance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#Navigate to the Control Panel=&amp;gt;{Network and Internet}=&amp;gt;Network and Sharing Center=&amp;gt;Select &amp;quot;Set up a new connection or network&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#Select &amp;quot;Connect to a workplace&amp;quot;=&amp;gt;Next=&amp;gt;{Select &amp;quot;No, Create a new connection&amp;quot;}=&amp;gt;Select &amp;quot;Use my Internet connection (VPN)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#In the &amp;quot;Internet Address&amp;quot; field, enter the hostname or IP address of your company firewall provided to you by your company&lt;br /&gt;
#The &amp;quot;Destination Name&amp;quot; field requires an arbitrary value that identifies what you are connecting to (IE put anything that identifies to you personally what you are connecting to)&lt;br /&gt;
##If you are unsure what to put in this field, use your Company&#039;s Name&lt;br /&gt;
#Select &amp;quot;Don&#039;t connect now, just set it up so I can connect later&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#Click Next=&amp;gt;Enter the L2TP Username provided to you=&amp;gt;Enter the L2TP Password provided to you&lt;br /&gt;
#In the lower-right corner of your screen by the clock, click the network icon&lt;br /&gt;
#The value you entered for &amp;quot;Destination Name&amp;quot; above will be listed here=&amp;gt;right click it=&amp;gt;Choose properties=&amp;gt;Select the &amp;quot;Security&amp;quot; tab&lt;br /&gt;
#Set &amp;quot;Type of VPN&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPSec (L2TP/IPSec)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#Click the button called &amp;quot;Advanced&amp;quot;=&amp;gt;Deselect &amp;quot;Verify the Name and Usage attributes for the server&#039;s certificate&amp;quot;=&amp;gt;Click OK&lt;br /&gt;
#Set &amp;quot;Data encryption&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Optional encryption (connect even if no encryption)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#Under &amp;quot;Authentication&amp;quot;, ensure &amp;quot;Allow these protocols&amp;quot; is selected=&amp;gt;Ensure &amp;quot;Unencrypted Password (PAP)&amp;quot; is deselected=&amp;gt;Ensure &amp;quot;Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)&amp;quot; is selected&lt;br /&gt;
##&amp;quot;Microsoft CHAP Version 2 (MSCHAP v2)&amp;quot; can be selected or deselected, but &amp;quot;Automatically use any Windows logon name and password&amp;quot; should not be selected&lt;br /&gt;
#Click OK&lt;br /&gt;
#In the lower-right corner of your screen by the clock, click the network icon=&amp;gt;Select the same connection=&amp;gt;Click Connect=&amp;gt;{Click Connect}&lt;br /&gt;
##A Note on saving passwords: do not save the password unless you are the only one using this computer, instead enter it every time you connect&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using IKEv2 on Windows 10==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#Navigate to the Control Panel=&amp;gt;{Network and Internet}=&amp;gt;Network and Sharing Center=&amp;gt;Select &amp;quot;Set up a new connection or network&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#Select &amp;quot;Connect to a workplace&amp;quot;=&amp;gt;Next=&amp;gt;{Select &amp;quot;No, Create a new connection&amp;quot;}=&amp;gt;Select &amp;quot;Use my Internet connection (VPN)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#In the &amp;quot;Internet Address&amp;quot; field, enter the DNS hostname of your company firewall provided to you by your company&lt;br /&gt;
##Note that using the IP address of the firewall will probably fail.&lt;br /&gt;
#The &amp;quot;Destination Name&amp;quot; field requires an arbitrary value that identifies what you are connecting too (IE put anything that identifies to you personally what you are connecting too)&lt;br /&gt;
##If you are unsure what to put in this field, use your Company&#039;s Name&lt;br /&gt;
#Select &amp;quot;Don&#039;t connect now, just set it up so I can connect later&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#Click Next=&amp;gt;Leave all Fields Blank and Click Create=&amp;gt;Click Close&lt;br /&gt;
#In the lower-right corner of your screen by the clock, click the network icon&lt;br /&gt;
#The value you entered for &amp;quot;Destination Name&amp;quot; above will be listed here=&amp;gt;right click it=&amp;gt;Choose properties=&amp;gt;Select the &amp;quot;Security&amp;quot; tab&lt;br /&gt;
##If you don&#039;t have a properties button, in the control panel under Network and Sharing Center, on the left side will be a &amp;quot;Manage Network Connections&amp;quot; link.  In there, you will find your VPN connection.  Right-click that, choose properties, and select the &amp;quot;Security&amp;quot; tab. &lt;br /&gt;
#Set &amp;quot;type of VPN&amp;quot; to IKEv2&lt;br /&gt;
#Click Advanced Settings=&amp;gt;ensure Mobility is checked and Network outage time is set to 30 minutes=&amp;gt;click OK&lt;br /&gt;
#Set Data Encryption to Require Encryption&lt;br /&gt;
#Select the radio button for &amp;quot;Use Machine Certificates&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#Click OK&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using a Mac==&lt;br /&gt;
*Mac setups require the use of a mobile.config, please request assistance from us for help in getting this setup working.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=5191</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=5191"/>
		<updated>2022-08-12T16:35:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:3.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Welcome to the Computerisms Help Pages&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://www.computerisms.ca/ RETURN TO COMPUTERISMS HOME PAGE]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;These pages will always be a work in progress, I will add to them as I can...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If you desire to see certain instructions documented here, please [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca let me know]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(000, 255, 255);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Getting Support&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.25em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 Contact Computerisms at 867-334-7117; or you can [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca email instead]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Telephone Support for Basic Hosting (Email and FTP) is free&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Email and FTP are both very mature technologies and most problems can be solved quickly without scheduling a visit.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If a visit is required and the problem is not due to a malfunction in the hosting service, [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management hourly billing] will be applied.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Support for Advanced Hosting is [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management billable by the hour]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CalDAV/CardDAV/WebDAV are implemented differently on each device and/or program.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therefore they require much more skill and time to be able to troubleshoot.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If it turns out a problem is found on one of our servers, it will not be billed.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Port Change&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you recieved an email asking you to change your email port number and encyrption type:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Email Port Change|Email Port Change]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 102, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot; | [[file:mail.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Email|Email Settings]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Spam|Spam Filtering]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin Management|Manage Email Accounts and Mailing Lists]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Troubleshooting Email Issues|Basic Email Troubleshooting]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin_Management#Modify_User|Out of Office/Vacation Responses in the Management Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube|Out of Office/Vacation Responses Using Roundcube]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(88, 137, 184);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:con_cal.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Calendar|Calendar Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Shared Address Book|Contacts Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(55, 181, 98);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:file.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Fetch|Large File Transfers through Email (Fetch)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Files|Online File Storage]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 164, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:doc.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;COMING SOON&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;VPN Instructions&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Certificates]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Pre-Shared Keys]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Mac to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Android Device to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting iOS Device to a File Server (for Video/Audio Playback)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Client Configuration&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[SquirrelMail]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thunderbird]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Outlook]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5181</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5181"/>
		<updated>2022-08-03T16:42:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Wrap Up */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Wrap Up==&lt;br /&gt;
Hopefully this page gave you a solid overview of what you need to get started with hosting.  If you have any further questions, [https://www.computerisms.ca Computerisms] is here to help, feel free to reach out.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5171</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5171"/>
		<updated>2022-08-03T16:42:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Advanced Hosting Services */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Wrap Up==&lt;br /&gt;
Hopefully this page gave you a solid overview of what you need to get started with hosting.  If you have any further questions, [[https://www.computerisms.ca Computerisms]] is here to help, feel free to reach out.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5161</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5161"/>
		<updated>2022-08-03T16:39:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* The Actual Hosting */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, your mail service might be found at the subdomain mail.domain.tld, and if you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld.  DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be any thing you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
WIP&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5151</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5151"/>
		<updated>2022-08-03T16:34:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* The Actual Hosting */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, and you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld, and DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else&#039;s.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.  There are several technical aspects to making this work, but generally these aspects will either be handled directly by the designer, or will be worked out between the designer and the hoster, so generally there won&#039;t be a lot much you will need to know about this aspect of things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.  Different hosting providers will have different packages that they offer; some will limit the amount of email storage you can use, some will limit the number of email addresses you can have, and most will do both.  It is arguable that email is probably the most important aspect of hosting because it is such a common and important way of communicating, so having an idea of how you will be using email in your hosting environment and choosing a hosting provider that matches your requirements is a good idea.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advanced Hosting Services==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the basics of DNS, website, and email, there are several other services that can be tied to your domain name.  A common example of this is Calendars.  Calendars are often hosted on a hosting server so that multiple people can access them at once.  In most (maybe all) cases, Calendars are going to have a permissions matrix so that some calendars are private and some calendars can be accessed by the whole organization, and any number of combinations in-between.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other services that might be available like this include online Address Books, Online File Storage (Like Dropbox, OneDrive, GoogleDrive, etc...), Large file Transfer services (like YouSendIt), Mailing List providers (like MailChimp), and VoIP services.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Not all services are required to be provided by the same hosting provider.  It does require some knowledge of how to setup your DNS records, but in most cases your hosting provider can help you with this, if they don&#039;t just handle it for you as part of their service.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
WIP&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5141</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5141"/>
		<updated>2022-08-02T15:52:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Introduction */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.  This page will give a very brief overview of what you, as someone who is figuring out how to get into hosting, will need to know.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, and you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld, and DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else&#039;s.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
WIP&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5131</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5131"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T18:05:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* The Actual Hosting */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is Domain Name Services, or DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, if your domain name is domain.tld, and you subscribe to a VoIP service, you could refer to your VoIP server as pbx.domain.tld, and DNS is how computers on the Internet are going to be able to find that server and know that it is your service they are connecting to instead of someone else&#039;s.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The 2nd common part is the site.  Once your site has been built by a Web Designer, it will need to go on your hosting provider&#039;s servers, and that server will need to be configured to respond with your website when a request comes in for it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And the 3rd most common component is email.  The hosting provider will configure their server so that all mail being delivered to your domain will arrive at their server, and that each individual address will have its own inbox, and in turn will provide a way so that each person can check their address.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
WIP&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5121</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5121"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T17:57:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Domain Name */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.  Anything to the left of your 2nd level domain is generally referred to as a subdomain, but could also be referred to as a 3rd level domain.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, your web site will most often be found at your domain &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
WIP&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5111</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5111"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T17:55:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* The Actual Hosting */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts, but if you are using more advanced services it will probably consist of more.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, your web site will most often be found at your domain &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
WIP&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5101</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5101"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T17:30:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Building a Website */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Actual Hosting==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have a domain name, and a web site to present to the public, you need a way for people on the Internet to be able to find and see your site.  This is where the hosting provider comes in.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The hosting provider is going to setup his servers so that services can work with your domain name.  In most situations, this is going to consist of 3 parts.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
The first part is DNS, and the hosting provider is going to set that up so that your domain name can be matched to specific servers on the internet that are going to provide services based on your domain name.  In addition to your main domain, this can also be used to create sub-domains for various other services.  For example, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
WIP&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5091</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5091"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T17:25:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Domain Name */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Building a Website==&lt;br /&gt;
Websites are built by Web Designers; they are basically the artists who listen to what you say, and turn it into what you want to see.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a lot of cases, a company that offers hosting also builds the sites, but the two things are not necessarily related.  Many people, for example, can build a website, but know nothing of how to setup a web server so that people can find it on the internet.  Computerisms is an example of a company that provides the hosting, but does not provide the artistic services of building sites.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There are two basic kinds of websites; static HTML, and CMS.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Static HTML sites are the old-school way of doing things.  In the 1990s and early 2000s, it was pretty much the only way to build a site, and it involves writing the whole site in code.  There are some advantages to this still.  For example, it is generally much harder to hack a site that is built in static HTML.  Unfortunately, it is also far more time consuming, and updating a site written in HTML is much harder, which usually translates to much more expensive, as well.  However, if you are just wanting a single page &amp;quot;business card&amp;quot; site that is not likely to change much over time, this can be a quick and inexpensive way to get something online.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CMS, or Content Management Systems, are the modern way of building web sites, and they should be used for all but the most basic of websites.  Common software that are used to build a CMS site include Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, and MediaWiki, though that list is far from exhaustive.  It should be noted that sites using this kind of software require consistent software updates in order to minimize the risk of the site being hacked, so they really shouldn&#039;t be treated as &amp;quot;fire and forget&amp;quot;; someone should be actively maintaining these kinds of site on a regular schedule.  These software make it much easier to build features into a site, such as photo galleries, contact forms, and E-Commerce.  They also make it much easier to maintain a consistent layout and colour scheme through every page, and most importantly to update content on the site.  In most cases, someone who wants a website will get the Web Designer to build the site in a CMS, and then they can handle content and software updates themselves, thereby saving a lot of money.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Getting a web site built is usually the most expensive component in the whole hosting package.  it can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on factors such as what features the site has and how much content is being presented, and this should be discussed with the Web Designer.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5081</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5081"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:59:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Domain Name */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name, and it is required to have a findable place on the internet, much like your house must have an address in order to be findable in your town.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5071</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5071"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:58:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the right-most dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  Everything between the rightmost dot in the domain name and dot to the left of that is considered the 2nd level domain, and this generally the namespace that identifies you most specifically.  In our case, computerisms is the 2nd level domain, and .ca is our TLD.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The most common TLD is .com, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .pro, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all 2nd level domains in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In order to prevent others from occupying your 2nd level domain namespace, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the 2nd level domain in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future; for example a company who bought a 2nd level domain in the .ca TLD later found out that someone else had bought the same 2nd level domain in the .com TLD to host a porn site, so some of their clients ended up at the porn site instead of the company web site because they went to the .com version of the 2nd level domain.  But it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your website and related services to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you want see if your chosen 2nd level domain and TLD combination is available, you can use a site like [https://who.is This One].&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When people are talking about domain names, they typically combine the 2nd level domain and the TLD, and refer to that as their &amp;quot;domain name&amp;quot;.  So computerisms.ca and computerisms.com would both be considered as 2 separate domain names in conversation.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your domain name and made sure nobody else has taken it already, then you need a registrar to get your domain name(s) registered for you.  A registrar is basically any organization that is authorized to sell domain names, so companies like Computerisms can do this for you, but there are a virtual plethora of registrars available online where you can register it as well.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Each TLD has its own rules, but generally you can own any domain name for up to 10 years, and they are sold by the year, so if you are sure you will still be using the domain name in 5 years, you can buy all 5 of those years in one block.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5061</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5061"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:34:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Domain names are parsed from right to left.  Every thing to the right of the last dot, at least in most cases, is consider the Top Level Domain, or TLD.  The most common one is .com, by far, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].  Many other countries and organizations also have TLDs, such as .org, .tv, .info, .br, and so on.  These organizations keep track of all domains that end in their respective TLD, so for example, once I have registered computerisms with CIRA, computerisms.ca is now taken, and nobody else can take computerisms.ca unless I let it expire.  However, someone could go buy computerisms.com from ICANN if I haven&#039;t bought it yet.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For a full list of all the TLDs that are available, consult [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains This Page]&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For this reason, some people think it is a good idea to buy up the namespace in as many TLDs as is reasonable, so they might buy domain.com, domain.ca, domain.org, and domain.net.  Overall, this is not terribly expensive in the big scope of things, and it can prevent problems in the future, but it is by no means necessary for you to do this in order for your chose domain to work.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have chosen your TLD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5051</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5051"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:08:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.  The most common one is .com, by far, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN], but another very common TLD is .ca, which is run by the organization [https://www.cira.ca/ CIRA].&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5041</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5041"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:06:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.  To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.  The most common one is .com, by far, which is run by the organization called [https://www.icann.org/ ICANN]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5031</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5031"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:04:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.  To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.  The most common one is .com, by far, which is run by the organization called [ICANN|https://www.icann.org/]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5021</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5021"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:04:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.  To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.  The most common one is .com, by far, which is run by the organization called [[ICANN|https://www.icann.org/]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5011</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5011"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:03:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.  To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.  The most common one is .com, by far, which is run by the organization called [[ICANN https://www.icann.org/]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5001</id>
		<title>Getting Started with Hosting</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Getting_Started_with_Hosting&amp;diff=5001"/>
		<updated>2022-07-13T16:03:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: Created page with &amp;quot;==Introduction== Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; Specifically,...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
Hosting is a pretty general term that is often used to refer to a number of services related to hosting, in addition to the hosting itself.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Specifically, when someone hosts for you, they are providing you a hardware, software, or service that you and/or others can access over the internet.  It could be a website, and most often is, but can also refer to email, files, databases, software, or connectivity, among other things.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As it pertains to this page, Hosting is the service that Computerisms or other companies such as GoDaddy or Canadian Web Hosting provides, and is related to your domain name and the related services linked by it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Domain Name==&lt;br /&gt;
Before any hosting can take place, you must first own a domain name.  Own is a strong word, since really you can only buy one year at a time, so maybe rent might be a better word for it.  Regardless, it needs to be registered in your name.  To do this, you will need to pay a company such as Computerisms to register your domain name with a Registrar.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The first step is to choose which Top Level Domain (TLD) you would like your domain to be in.  The most common one is .com, by far, which is run by the organization called [ICANN https://www.icann.org/]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4991</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4991"/>
		<updated>2022-03-19T21:27:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Faxing */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;; width:&amp;quot;50%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|text-align:center;font-size:1.5em|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A PBX has hundreds, possibly thousands, of configuration options.  From a single PBX handling multiple incoming phone numbers for multiple and segregated businesses, to integrating your cell phones into the system, a well configured PBX can match pretty much any call flow you want.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This page is written so that you can have a very brief overview of the options available to you, and to help you identify the high-level decisions that need to be made to ensure that you get a phone system you are happy to have.  If you have any questions, or desire further conversation, please reach out to us at 867-334-7117.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Phones (mostly called SIP Phones or IP Phones) that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Faxing===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Faxing is an analog-centric technology, and as such does not work natively with VoIP/Digital systems.  Incoming faxes can converted to email, so receiving faxes can be handled relatively easily, but sending faxes requires a device that can convert the analog fax signal into a digital signal.  If you need to support sending faxing, one of these devices will be necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Power===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SIP  Phones will most often have an option to come with a power adapter so that they can be plugged into an electrical outlet in the wall.  Unfortunately a significant amount of the time such power outlets can be in short supply at a busy desk, so the vast majority of SIP phones are capable of using a thing called Power over Ethernet (PoE).  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PoE carries power to the phone through its network cable, and requires a specific kind of network switch to work.  These switches are more expensive than non-PoE switches, but have several advantages.  One advantage is that there are several kinds of devices that can be powered in this way besides the phones.  Good examples of this include wireless access points and security cameras.  Another really big advantage is that a single battery can power the PoE network switch, which can give the phones and PBX server some run time during power outages.  In some cases this can be critically important; for example if someone does not have a cell phone but needs to call 911 when the power is out.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Since these switches and batteries can be quite expensive, they are more suited to larger installations, but small offices that utilize their PoE switch to power multiple types of devices other than the phone can still find them cost effective.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones are much like cell phones in that they have a battery, and charge by sitting in a little cradle that plugs into a wall or computer through a USB cable.  The associated base station can often be power by PoE, but if not they can get their power from the wall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Some of the Many Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your Email inbox to function as the same inbox.  It works in much the same way that you can have your Email inbox synced across all of your devices.   Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow costly calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4981</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4981"/>
		<updated>2022-03-19T00:07:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Power */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;; width:&amp;quot;50%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|text-align:center;font-size:1.5em|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A PBX has hundreds, possibly thousands, of configuration options.  From a single PBX handling multiple incoming phone numbers for multiple and segregated businesses, to integrating your cell phones into the system, a well configured PBX can match pretty much any call flow you want.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This page is written so that you can have a very brief overview of the options available to you, and to help you identify the high-level decisions that need to be made to ensure that you get a phone system you are happy to have.  If you have any questions, or desire further conversation, please reach out to us at 867-334-7117.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Phones (mostly called SIP Phones or IP Phones) that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Faxing===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Faxing is an analog-centric technology, and as such does not work natively with VoIP/Digital systems.  To work around this problem, there are devices that can be purchased that convert the analog fax signal into a digital signal.  If you need to support faxing, one of these devices will be necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Power===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SIP  Phones will most often have an option to come with a power adapter so that they can be plugged into an electrical outlet in the wall.  Unfortunately a significant amount of the time such power outlets can be in short supply at a busy desk, so the vast majority of SIP phones are capable of using a thing called Power over Ethernet (PoE).  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PoE carries power to the phone through its network cable, and requires a specific kind of network switch to work.  These switches are more expensive than non-PoE switches, but have several advantages.  One advantage is that there are several kinds of devices that can be powered in this way besides the phones.  Good examples of this include wireless access points and security cameras.  Another really big advantage is that a single battery can power the PoE network switch, which can give the phones and PBX server some run time during power outages.  In some cases this can be critically important; for example if someone does not have a cell phone but needs to call 911 when the power is out.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Since these switches and batteries can be quite expensive, they are more suited to larger installations, but small offices that utilize their PoE switch to power multiple types of devices other than the phone can still find them cost effective.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones are much like cell phones in that they have a battery, and charge by sitting in a little cradle that plugs into a wall or computer through a USB cable.  The associated base station can often be power by PoE, but if not they can get their power from the wall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Some of the Many Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your Email inbox to function as the same inbox.  It works in much the same way that you can have your Email inbox synced across all of your devices.   Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow costly calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4971</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4971"/>
		<updated>2022-03-18T17:23:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Overview */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;; width:&amp;quot;50%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|text-align:center;font-size:1.5em|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A PBX has hundreds, possibly thousands, of configuration options.  From a single PBX handling multiple incoming phone numbers for multiple and segregated businesses, to integrating your cell phones into the system, a well configured PBX can match pretty much any call flow you want.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This page is written so that you can have a very brief overview of the options available to you, and to help you identify the high-level decisions that need to be made to ensure that you get a phone system you are happy to have.  If you have any questions, or desire further conversation, please reach out to us at 867-334-7117.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Phones (mostly called SIP Phones or IP Phones) that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Power===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SIP  Phones will most often have an option to come with a power adapter so that they can be plugged into an electrical outlet in the wall.  Unfortunately a significant amount of the time such power outlets can be in short supply at a busy desk, so the vast majority of SIP phones are capable of using a thing called Power over Ethernet (PoE).  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PoE carries power to the phone through its network cable, and requires a specific kind of network switch to work.  These switches are more expensive than non-PoE switches, but have several advantages.  One advantage is that there are several kinds of devices that can be powered in this way besides the phones.  Good examples of this include wireless access points and security cameras.  Another really big advantage is that a single battery can power the PoE network switch, which can give the phones and PBX server some run time during power outages.  In some cases this can be critically important; for example if someone does not have a cell phone but needs to call 911 when the power is out.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Since these switches and batteries can be quite expensive, they are more suited to larger installations, but small offices that utilize their PoE switch to power multiple types of devices other than the phone can still find them cost effective.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones are much like cell phones in that they have a battery, and charge by sitting in a little cradle that plugs into a wall or computer through a USB cable.  The associated base station can often be power by PoE, but if not they can get their power from the wall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Some of the Many Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your Email inbox to function as the same inbox.  It works in much the same way that you can have your Email inbox synced across all of your devices.   Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow costly calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=4961</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=4961"/>
		<updated>2022-03-17T21:27:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:3.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Welcome to the Computerisms Help Pages&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://www.computerisms.ca/ RETURN TO COMPUTERISMS HOME PAGE]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;These pages will always be a work in progress, I will add to them as I can...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If you desire to see certain instructions documented here, please [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca let me know]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(000, 255, 255);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Getting Support&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.25em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 Contact Computerisms at 867-334-7117; or you can [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca email instead]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Telephone Support for Basic Hosting (Email and FTP) is free&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Email and FTP are both very mature technologies and most problems can be solved quickly without scheduling a visit.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If a visit is required and the problem is not due to a malfunction in the hosting service, [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management hourly billing] will be applied.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Support for Advanced Hosting is [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management billable by the hour]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CalDAV/CardDAV/WebDAV are implemented differently on each device and/or program.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therefore they require much more skill and time to be able to troubleshoot.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If it turns out a problem is found on one of our servers, it will not be billed.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Port Change&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you recieved an email asking you to change your email port number and encyrption type:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Email Port Change|Email Port Change]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 102, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot; | [[file:mail.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Email|Email Settings]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Spam|Spam Filtering]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin Management|Manage Email Accounts and Mailing Lists]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Troubleshooting Email Issues|Basic Email Troubleshooting]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin_Management#Modify_User|Out of Office/Vacation Responses]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(88, 137, 184);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:con_cal.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Calendar|Calendar Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Shared Address Book|Contacts Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(55, 181, 98);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:file.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Fetch|Large File Transfers through Email (Fetch)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Files|Online File Storage]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 164, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:doc.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;COMING SOON&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;VPN Instructions&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Certificates]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Pre-Shared Keys]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Mac to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Android Device to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting iOS Device to a File Server (for Video/Audio Playback)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Client Configuration&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[SquirrelMail]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thunderbird]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Outlook]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=4951</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=4951"/>
		<updated>2022-03-16T15:58:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:3.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Welcome to the Computerisms Help Pages&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;color:#103050;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://www.computerisms.ca/ RETURN TO COMPUTERISMS HOME PAGE]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;text-align:center;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;These pages will always be a work in progress, I will add to them as I can...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If you desire to see certain instructions documented here, please [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca let me know]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(000, 255, 255);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Getting Support&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.25em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 Contact Computerisms at 867-334-7117; or you can [mailto:bob@computerisms.ca email instead]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Telephone Support for Basic Hosting (Email and FTP) is free&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Email and FTP are both very mature technologies and most problems can be solved quickly without scheduling a visit.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If a visit is required and the problem is not due to a malfunction in the hosting service, [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management hourly billing] will be applied.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Support for Advanced Hosting is [http://www.computerisms.ca/index.php/business-network-management billable by the hour]&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
CalDAV/CardDAV/WebDAV are implemented differently on each device and/or program.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Therefore they require much more skill and time to be able to troubleshoot.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.0em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If it turns out a problem is found on one of our servers, it will not be billed.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Port Change&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:0.75em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you recieved an email asking you to change your email port number and encyrption type:&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Email Port Change|Email Port Change]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 102, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot; | [[file:mail.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Email|Email Settings]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Spam|Spam Filtering]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[QmailAdmin Management|Manage Email Accounts and Mailing Lists]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Troubleshooting Email Issues|Basic Email Troubleshooting]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Out of Office/Vacation Responses]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(88, 137, 184);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:con_cal.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Calendar|Calendar Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Shared Address Book|Contacts Server Configuration]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(55, 181, 98);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:file.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Fetch|Large File Transfers through Email (Fetch)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Files|Online File Storage]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:50%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(248, 164, 76);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| [[file:doc.png|75px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;COMING SOON&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;VPN Instructions&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Certificates]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[VPN Clients Using Pre-Shared Keys]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Mac to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting Android Device to a File Server]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Connecting iOS Device to a File Server (for Video/Audio Playback)]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:33%;border: 1px solid rgb(191, 238, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 235, 205);text-align:center;font-size:1.5em;&amp;quot;| &#039;&#039;&#039;Client Configuration&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Roundcube]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[SquirrelMail]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thunderbird]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Outlook]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4941</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4941"/>
		<updated>2022-02-11T21:13:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Some of the Many Feature and Options Available */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;; width:&amp;quot;50%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|text-align:center;font-size:1.5em|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Phones (mostly called SIP Phones or IP Phones) that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Power===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SIP  Phones will most often have an option to come with a power adapter so that they can be plugged into an electrical outlet in the wall.  Unfortunately a significant amount of the time such power outlets can be in short supply at a busy desk, so the vast majority of SIP phones are capable of using a thing called Power over Ethernet (PoE).  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PoE carries power to the phone through its network cable, and requires a specific kind of network switch to work.  These switches are more expensive than non-PoE switches, but have several advantages.  One advantage is that there are several kinds of devices that can be powered in this way besides the phones.  Good examples of this include wireless access points and security cameras.  Another really big advantage is that a single battery can power the PoE network switch, which can give the phones and PBX server some run time during power outages.  In some cases this can be critically important; for example if someone does not have a cell phone but needs to call 911 when the power is out.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Since these switches and batteries can be quite expensive, they are more suited to larger installations, but small offices that utilize their PoE switch to power multiple types of devices other than the phone can still find them cost effective.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones are much like cell phones in that they have a battery, and charge by sitting in a little cradle that plugs into a wall or computer through a USB cable.  The associated base station can often be power by PoE, but if not they can get their power from the wall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Some of the Many Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your Email inbox to function as the same inbox.  It works in much the same way that you can have your Email inbox synced across all of your devices.   Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow costly calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4931</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4931"/>
		<updated>2022-02-11T21:11:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Some of the Many Feature and Options Available */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;; width:&amp;quot;50%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|text-align:center;font-size:1.5em|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Phones (mostly called SIP Phones or IP Phones) that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Power===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SIP  Phones will most often have an option to come with a power adapter so that they can be plugged into an electrical outlet in the wall.  Unfortunately a significant amount of the time such power outlets can be in short supply at a busy desk, so the vast majority of SIP phones are capable of using a thing called Power over Ethernet (PoE).  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PoE carries power to the phone through its network cable, and requires a specific kind of network switch to work.  These switches are more expensive than non-PoE switches, but have several advantages.  One advantage is that there are several kinds of devices that can be powered in this way besides the phones.  Good examples of this include wireless access points and security cameras.  Another really big advantage is that a single battery can power the PoE network switch, which can give the phones and PBX server some run time during power outages.  In some cases this can be critically important; for example if someone does not have a cell phone but needs to call 911 when the power is out.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Since these switches and batteries can be quite expensive, they are more suited to larger installations, but small offices that utilize their PoE switch to power multiple types of devices other than the phone can still find them cost effective.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones are much like cell phones in that they have a battery, and charge by sitting in a little cradle that plugs into a wall or computer through a USB cable.  The associated base station can often be power by PoE, but if not they can get their power from the wall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Some of the Many Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your Email inbox to function as the same inbox.  It works in much the same way that you can have your Email inbox synced across all of your devices.   Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4921</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4921"/>
		<updated>2022-02-11T21:05:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Feature and Options Available */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;; width:&amp;quot;50%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|text-align:center;font-size:1.5em|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Phones (mostly called SIP Phones or IP Phones) that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Power===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SIP  Phones will most often have an option to come with a power adapter so that they can be plugged into an electrical outlet in the wall.  Unfortunately a significant amount of the time such power outlets can be in short supply at a busy desk, so the vast majority of SIP phones are capable of using a thing called Power over Ethernet (PoE).  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PoE carries power to the phone through its network cable, and requires a specific kind of network switch to work.  These switches are more expensive than non-PoE switches, but have several advantages.  One advantage is that there are several kinds of devices that can be powered in this way besides the phones.  Good examples of this include wireless access points and security cameras.  Another really big advantage is that a single battery can power the PoE network switch, which can give the phones and PBX server some run time during power outages.  In some cases this can be critically important; for example if someone does not have a cell phone but needs to call 911 when the power is out.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Since these switches and batteries can be quite expensive, they are more suited to larger installations, but small offices that utilize their PoE switch to power multiple types of devices other than the phone can still find them cost effective.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones are much like cell phones in that they have a battery, and charge by sitting in a little cradle that plugs into a wall or computer through a USB cable.  The associated base station can often be power by PoE, but if not they can get their power from the wall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Some of the Many Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your email inbox to function as the same inbox.  Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4911</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4911"/>
		<updated>2022-02-11T21:04:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;width: 100%; border-spacing:15px;border-collapse:separate;&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;; width:&amp;quot;50%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|text-align:center;font-size:1.5em|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Phones (mostly called SIP Phones or IP Phones) that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Power===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;SIP  Phones will most often have an option to come with a power adapter so that they can be plugged into an electrical outlet in the wall.  Unfortunately a significant amount of the time such power outlets can be in short supply at a busy desk, so the vast majority of SIP phones are capable of using a thing called Power over Ethernet (PoE).  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;PoE carries power to the phone through its network cable, and requires a specific kind of network switch to work.  These switches are more expensive than non-PoE switches, but have several advantages.  One advantage is that there are several kinds of devices that can be powered in this way besides the phones.  Good examples of this include wireless access points and security cameras.  Another really big advantage is that a single battery can power the PoE network switch, which can give the phones and PBX server some run time during power outages.  In some cases this can be critically important; for example if someone does not have a cell phone but needs to call 911 when the power is out.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Since these switches and batteries can be quite expensive, they are more suited to larger installations, but small offices that utilize their PoE switch to power multiple types of devices other than the phone can still find them cost effective.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones are much like cell phones in that they have a battery, and charge by sitting in a little cradle that plugs into a wall or computer through a USB cable.  The associated base station can often be power by PoE, but if not they can get their power from the wall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your email inbox to function as the same inbox.  Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4901</id>
		<title>PBX Systems</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://help.computerisms.ca/index.php?title=PBX_Systems&amp;diff=4901"/>
		<updated>2022-02-11T20:49:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bob: /* Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Overview==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A Public Exchange (PBX) is a device that routes phone calls.  As it applies to Small Businesses, it is an appliance or server that routes incoming calls to various extensions in the office, and routes outgoing calls from the various extensions to the outside world.  As they existed several decades ago (see picture on the right) a person was required to connect cables between a caller and a callee in order to connect the two.&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the days of modern computing, connecting calls can be handled by a computer.  And the computer can provide many more functions, such as Voicemail, Time Conditions, and Call Forwarding, and can connect callers and callees to these services.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:OldSchoolPBX.jpg|centre|450x450px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Choices When Purchasing a new PBX==&lt;br /&gt;
===Analogue or Digital or Hybrid===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;If reliability is the most important requirement, then you want a PBX that can connect to analogue phones lines.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the case of those of us living in the Yukon, that means connecting to NWTel phone lines.  Special hardware is required to be installed in the PBX computer to connect to NWTel&#039;s analogue phone system, making the installation more expensive.  Additionally, phone lines are considerably more expensive than the digital options, making the ongoing expense of maintaining your PBX higher.  The benefit to having a system that can use analogue lines is that down time of the system is typically going to be less than 8 hours per year, achieving a 99.999% uptime (5 nines).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Digital phone lines, often referred to as VoIP, are considerably less expensive than analogue.  Phone lines are still purchased in the same way they are from NWTel, but they come from a VoIP provider, and they work over an existing internet connection instead of a dedicated copper wire.  No special equipment is needed for the server, and the lines are far less expensive.  Additionally, most VoIP services provide free long distance calling in Canada, and free or pennies per minute calling the US.  Additionally, calling to worldwide numbers is generally very inexpensive, though that is not true of every single foreign country.  So there is a very strong economical argument to use digital phone lines.  The downside to digital lines is that they cannot be any more reliable than the internet, so one can expect to have about 2-4 days of down time across a year, giving approximately 99% reliability (two nines instead of five).  Often that comes in the form of a few hours at a time which accumulates to a few days by the end of the year, but it can potentially include a full day of downtime.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hybrid systems provide the best of both worlds.  It can save a lot of money by allow the inexpensive or free long distance calling, but still requires installing the special hardware in the PBX server and having analogue lines from NWTel.  The PBX server is configured to send outgoing calls through the VoIP provider by default and fail over to the analogue lines when all VoIP lines are in use, though any combination of restrictions can be configured.   Another limitation to hybrid systems is that they have 2 phone numbers; one from nwtel, and one from the VoIP provider, and when you call a callee, their phone will display a different number depending on which service the call goes out over, and someone calling into the system can use either number.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Once all the lines are in simultaneous use, no additional calls will be possible into or out of the system.  When choosing the number of lines you want, you will want to guess how many maximum concurrent calls will be in play at any given time, and add one line just in case someone calls in while all the other lines are busy.  If all lines are busy and someone calls into the PBX system, that caller will get a busy signal.  One thing to note with hybrid systems is that while outgoing calls can fail over from the VoIP provider to NWTel phone lines, incoming calls cannot.  So if all VoIP lines are occupied with outgoing calls while someone calls in to the number provided by the VoIP provider, they will get a busy signal even if none of the NWTel lines are occupied at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Desktop/Conference/Cordless/Software Phones===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;All phones that connect to a modern PBX run across the same kind of network connection that your computer uses.  While it is easy to think of the phones as analogue devices like what you have at home, they are actually more like little minicomputers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Most desks do not have two network plugs in the wall (one for the computer and one for the phone), so pretty much all desktop phones have the ability for the computer to plug into them, and then they plug into the wall jack, thereby connecting both devices through the same wall jack.  This saves having to run extra cabling in the wall.  The less expensive phones quite often limit network speeds to 100Mbit, so this can pose problems if the software you are using on your computer requires a Gigabit connection.  A good example of this is Sage; if two people are working on the same company file, a 100Mbit connection will be noticeably slower than a Gigabit connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The high end desktop phones usually have much bigger and colour screens, and often support video calling capabilities.  The lower end ones are considerably less pretty, do not usually have colour screens, and will not have near as many features, but they will be more than sufficient in the vast majority of use cases.  The extremely low-end phones will lack some very common and useful features such as audio compression and echo cancellation.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Receptionists will quite often want sufficient buttons that they can answer calls and transfer them to various extensions.  Some models of phones can have sidecars installed on them specifically for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Conference phones are designed to sit in the middle of a room so that multiple people can be talking and listening to the same phone.  These phones tend to be more expensive, and most of them have multiple high quality microphones in them so that they can do noise cancellation to clear up the ambient sound of the room and make the call quality clearer.  They can also have extension microphones attached to them for larger boardrooms.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;DECT phones, which are basically like the cordless phones you are used to at home, can also be connected to the PBX.  These have a base station that connects to the computer network, and then can support a handful of DECT phones that connect back to the base station wirelessly.  Range on these units is not bad, will cover most offices, but probably not most warehouses, to give an example.  These phones can be a bit finnicky in comparison to desktop phones, especially when the place they are being deployed at has a lot of metal or other material that interferes with wireless signals.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Software phones are available as free or paid for software, and can be installed on mobile devices such as Android or iPhones, or computers and used with a headset that includes a microphone.  These can be considerably less expensive than their hardware counterparts, but are generally not as intuitive to use as the traditional phones.  The best purpose for using this kind of phone is if the end-user is working remotely, but wants to connect to the PBX to make or receive calls.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Feature and Options Available===&lt;br /&gt;
*IVR (Interactive Voice Recording) - often called an Auto Attendant.  This is when someone calls into your phone system, and the phone system answers and provides option for the caller to choose from, without the need of a person.&lt;br /&gt;
*Voicemail/Unified Communications - Voicemail has been with us for quite a long time, and probably needs no explanation, but it can be accessed remotely.  Unified Communications is the ability to make your Voicemail inbox and your email inbox to function as the same inbox.  Voicemails that are left will show up on the phone, and as an email message; and when it is marked as read or deleted in either email or phone, the same will happen on other devices.  This requires an IMAP capable email server.&lt;br /&gt;
*Time Conditions - have the phone system play different message during holidays or off-hours than it does during regular work hours.  Possibly also have incoming calls routed to a cell phone or similar during off-hours.&lt;br /&gt;
*Ring Groups - incoming calls can be routed so that multiple extensions ring at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
*Find Me/Follow Me - provide an option for an incoming caller to try reaching a person on a cell phone if not available at the desktop extension; or have other extensions or cell phones to ring automatically when a call is received by your extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Call recording - configure the system to record phone calls for various purposes, can be configured to happen on demand or automatically.&lt;br /&gt;
*Intercom/Paging - use a single phone to broadcast a message to all other phones&lt;br /&gt;
*PIN Restricted Long Distance Dialing - do not allow calls to long distance numbers without knowing the code&lt;br /&gt;
*LCR (Least Cost Routing) - configure the system to choose the path that will cost the least amount of money (useful on hybrid systems)&lt;br /&gt;
*Staff Directory - provide an option for incoming callers to find an employee by name when they don&#039;t know the employee&#039;s extension.&lt;br /&gt;
*Conference Calling - If sufficient lines are available to connect to the PBX, have dozens or hundreds of people call into the system and use a conference room.  PIN restricted access is available.&lt;br /&gt;
*Calling Queus - When more people are calling in than there are people to answer the calls, place the incoming calls in a queue so the next available representative can answer the incoming calls in order.  This is familiar to most of us when calling into larger companies; it is when you are listening to annoying music waiting for someone to help you.&lt;br /&gt;
*CDR (Call Detail Recording) - get precise and detailed information about any call made into or out of the system.&lt;br /&gt;
*More options (not an exhaustive list):&lt;br /&gt;
**Wake up calls&lt;br /&gt;
**Dictation services&lt;br /&gt;
**Number Blacklisting&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Forwarding&lt;br /&gt;
**3-way/4-way calling&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Waiting&lt;br /&gt;
**Directed Call Pickup (answer someone else&#039;s phone)&lt;br /&gt;
**Blind Transfer/Attended Transfer&lt;br /&gt;
**Channel Spy (listen in on calls)&lt;br /&gt;
**Do Not Disturb&lt;br /&gt;
**Fax Detection&lt;br /&gt;
**Call Parking &lt;br /&gt;
**Speed Dial&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bob</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>